Placenta Previa

Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta partially or completely covers the cervix. That means that the placenta is covering the place the baby needs to come out of.

There are three types: marginal, complete, and low lying. In a marginal previa, the placenta partially covers the cervix. In complete previa, the placenta completely covers the cervix. In low lying previa, the placenta lies very close to the cervix.

Approximately 1 out of 200 pregnant women have placenta previa. It is usually diagnosed during routine ultrasounds in the second trimester. In between 5% and 20% of women, the placenta actually covers the cervix during the second trimester. However as the uterus grows, the placenta often migrates to a better position. If it does, it will not affect the birth.

Placenta previa is usually asymptomatic, meaning you have no symptoms of the condition. However, abnormal bleeding from the vagina in the second or third trimester can indicate placenta previa. If you notice any abnormal bleeding, you should contact your care provider immediately.

The cause is unknown. However, you might be at greater risk if:

• You’ve had a cesarean
• Have had a baby before
• Are pregnant with multiples
• Are over 35 years old

It can be. If you’re diagnosed with placenta previa in the second trimester, your doctor may recommend that you avoid strenuous activity to prevent bleeding. You will probably have additional ultrasounds to see if the situation resolves itself. In 90% of cases, it does.

If you still have placenta previa by week 34, you will be asked to schedule a cesarean to give birth. You may be asked to deliver your baby between 35-37 weeks to prevent you going into labor. Going into labor with this condition is potentially very serious.

One of the biggest risks associated with placenta previa is placenta accreta, or an abnormally firm attachment of the placenta to the wall of the uterus. Placenta accreta prevents the placenta from separating from the uterine wall at the time of delivery. It can cause severe bleeding and often requires a hysterectomy to fix. You should discuss this risk with your care provider.

Talk to your doctor about making the experience as special as possible. Ask if you can be awake or asleep. Ask if you can have a support person, such as your partner, with you during the procedure. Ask if you can have music playing during the procedure. Ask if you can see your baby immediately after the birth. Some hospitals will allow your baby to stay with you during the remainder of the surgery; although, some require the baby to go directly to the nursery or intensive care unit. Talk to your doctor about what you can expect.

If you plan to breastfeed, try to nurse as soon as you can. Ask your care provider or a lactation counselor for tips on breastfeeding while your incisions heal.

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